SIEM

Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) systems provide real-time threat detection, log correlation, and incident response by aggregating security data from across an organization. This report explores how SIEM works, its key components, and advanced analytics through interactive visualizations.

Work with SIEM

SIEM systems collect, analyze, and respond to security events across an organization’s IT infrastructure.

Data collection

SIEM gathers security logs from multiple sources, including:

• Network devices (firewalls, routers, switches)

• Servers & endpoints (Windows/Linux logs, antivirus alerts)

• Cloud services (AWS, Azure, Office 365)

• Security tools (IDS/IPS, EDR, vulnerability scanners)

Log Normalization & Parsing

Raw logs come in different formats (e.g., JSON, CSV, syslog). The SIEM:

• Parses logs to extract key fields (IPs, usernames, timestamps)

• Normalizes data into a standard format for analysis

Example: A firewall log: "Deny TCP 192.168.1.1 → 192.168.1.5 port 22"

→ Normalized as: { "action": "Deny", "src_ip": "192.168.1.1", "dst_ip": "192.168.1.5", "port": "22" }

Event Correlation & Threat Detection

SIEM uses rules, machine learning (ML), and behavioral analytics to detect threats:

• Rule-based detection (e.g., "10 failed logins in few minutes = brute force attack")

• Anomaly detection (e.g., "User logging in at 3 AM from a new country")

• Threat intelligence matching (e.g., "IP is on a known malware list")

Example Attack Detection:

• Step 1: Multiple failed logins → Brute force alert

• Step 2: Successful login followed by unusual file access → Potential insider threat

Alerting & Incident Response

When a threat is detected:

• Alerts are sent to SOC (Security Operations Center)

• Automated actions (block IP, disable account) via SOAR integration

• Case management for investigation